Vacuum-churn.



E. B. HELLER.

VACUUM CHURN.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 18, 1914. RENEWED JUNE 19. I916.

Patented Jan. 16, 1917.

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E. B. HELLER. VACUUM cnumv. APPLICATION FILED FEE I8, I914. RENEWED JUNEl9, I916.

Patented Jan. 1&1917.

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srairns rarnnr ERNEST B. HELLER, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR, BYIviESNE ASSIGNIHENTS, TO THE VACUUM CHUIRN CORPORATION, OF NEW YORK, N.Y., A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

VACUUM-CHURN.

specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Jan. 16, 1917.,

Application filed February 18, 1914, Serial No. 819,443. Renewed June19, 1916. Serial No. 104,571.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, ERNEST B. HELLER, a sub ect of the Emperor ofGermany, residing at New York city, in the county of New I York andState of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inVacuum-Chums; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear,and eXact description of the invention, such as will enable othersskilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

This invention relates to churns, and has for its object to produce anapparatus which will be simple in construction, efficient in action,comparatively inexpensive to manufacture, and one that will enable theoperator to pasteurize the cream as well as churn it without it beingsubjected to the atmosphere or to contact with the hand.

lVith these and other objects in view, the invention consists in thenovel details of construction, and combinations of parts more fullyhereinafter disclosed and particularly pointed out in the claims.

Referring to the accompanying drawings forming a part of thisspecification, in which like numerals designate like parts in all theviews Figure 1 is a sectional view of a churn made in accordance with myinvention; and, Fig. 2 is an end elevational view, partly in section, ofthe parts shown in Fig. 1.

1 indicates any suitable framework provided with the bearings 2 and 3;i, an outer casing supported on the hollow shaft 5 passing through thebearings 2, and also supported by the rollers 6 carried by the bearings3. The hollow shaft 5 is connected with steam-supply 7, controlled by avalve 8 and adapted to deliver steam into the casing or chamber at bymeans of the pipe 9. The said casing or chamber 4: is also provided withthe connection 10, by means of, which it may be pumped free of air orother gas. The said chamber a is further provided with an inwardlyextending head 11 to which is fitted the casting 12 provided with thecircular gear 13 with which meshes the pinion 14 carried by the shaft 15on which are mounted the fast pulley 16 and the loose pulley 17. A beltshifter 18 is associated with the pulleys 16 and 17 and a clutchmechanism 19 is associated with said shaft 15 for the purpose of causingit to rotate at-different speeds by means of the connection of the saidclutch with the gears 20, 21, 22 and 23, as will be readily understoodby those skilled in the art.

.The gears 21 and 23 are mounted on a short stud shaft 24, as will beclear from Fig. 2. Rigid with the casting 12 is the annular member 27adapted to receive the latches 28 carried by the cover 29 closing theopening 30 into the interior chamber or churn 31. The said cover 29 isprovided with a side opening 32, as shown. The interior chamber or churn31 is provided with a plurality of hollow dashers 33 extending throughthe walls of said chamber 31 as shown. -These dashers as illustrated inFig. 2, leave a space all around for the passage of the milk and-therebyafford a chance for a maximum amount of milk to contact with their outerwalls. The ends of these dashers 33 are also open to the chamber lasshown so that steam or hot water is afiorded a free passage therethroughat all times and consequently if the said chamber a: is kept at a giventemperature, the surfaces of these dashers and therefore the contactingmilk will be subjected to a constant temperature. This is an importantfeature of my invention, for in the making of high grade butters undervacuum processes it is of the greatest importance to know to just howhigh a temperature the cream is being subjected, and to also know for acertainty that this temperature in the cream has actually been reached.In addition to the above, my hollow dashers afford a greater surface incontact with the cream, and the output of the churn is greatlyincreased.

Leading from the inner chamber 31 is a passage 35 provided with a cover36 and a nipple 37 adapted to connect with an air pump, for the purposeof exhausting the air from said chamber 31. I have discovered, as isdisclosed in my copending application No. 686,915, filed March 28,1912,and entitled machine for ripening dairy products, that it is possible toheat cream in a Vacuum to a temperature which is Suficient to killdeleterious germs, but not sufficiently high to destroy the flavor ofthe butter.

Accordingly, I place cream in the inner chamber 31, exhaust the airthrough the connection 37, and then admit steam through the supply 7 tothe outer chamber until the proper temperature has" been reached tothoroughly pasteurize the cream in the chamber 31'and yet at the sametime avoid heating the cream so high as to destroy its flavor. WVhen theproper temperature has been reached as may be indicated ona thermometer,I then rotate both the inner and outer chambers on the bearings 2 and 3until the cream is thoroughly churned. The side opening 32 enables theoperator to Watch the operation and to stop it When the butter has beenmade.

During the entire operation, no air is admitted to the cream or butter,and since it Was thoroughly pasteurized after having been placed intthechamber 31 andsecurely sealed by the cover 29, the butter is producedWithits natural flavor, and with no deleterious germs therein.Accordingly, it will keep for a very much longer time than Will butterWhich has been exposed to the air c after it has been made.

The passage l0 around the pipe ,9 serves to permit the escape of thesteamer hot water in the chamber l, and the same may V 'be drained ofi.through the pipe 41.

therefore I do not Wish to be limited tothe m .9 $1. Pe e?- may btaine ifive cents each, WashingtofiQD. 0;

said chambers, substantially as described;

. 2. In a churn thecombinationofan outer chamber; means to exhaust thea1r from said outer chamber; means to admit .a fluid to vsaid outerchamber; an inner chamber concentricrwith said outer chamber; means toexhai sttthe air from said inner chamber; means to introduce cream intosaid inner chamber; hollow dashers' located in said'inner chamberextending through the alls thereofland communicating with said. outerchamber; and means {to rotate said chambers, :s iibstantially asdescribed.

In testimony hereof I a fiix my signature, in presence of two Witnesses.

ERNEST B. .HELLER.

Witnesses;

v S. KL. Comm,

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